Child developmental issues

Child developmental issues features

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  How HIV harms young brains

  HIV paediatrician Anton Tan and clinical psychologist Diane Melvin write about the challenges to development and maturity that HIV imposes on children. ...

  From:  HIV treatment update

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  Growing pains

  Why ageing with HIV isn’t just a concern for the over 50s, by Edwin J Bernard. ...

  From:  HIV treatment update

Child developmental issues news from aidsmap

• Antiretrovirals do not cause neurodevelopmental harm to uninfected infants

  In the first five years of life the neurological development of HIV-exposed but uninfected infants, exposed to maternal antiretrovirals before and after birth and throughout breastfeeding, is comparable to that of HIV-unexposed uninfected infants from similar socio-economic backgrounds. These findings, ...

  24 June 2019 | Carole Leach-Lemens

• Young people born with HIV more likely to have “mild” verbal memory test deficits if they have ever had an AIDS-defining condition

  A study presented at this year’s Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2019) in Seattle found that young people born with HIV performed worse when given certain neurological/psychological tasks than HIV-negative peers – but only if they ...

  18 April 2019 | Gus Cairns

• Sixfold increased risk of infant HIV infection and high rates of low birth weight among women with HIV/hepatitis B co-infection

  Women with high levels of hepatitis B viraemia (>106IU/ml) who have co-infection with HIV had a more than sixfold increased risk of having infants with HIV infection compared to women with HIV alone or co-infected with low levels of ...

  12 March 2019 | Carole Leach-Lemens

• Neural tube defects and integrase inhibitors: still waiting for stronger evidence

  Researchers are still unable to determine if exposure to integrase inhibitors around conception and in early pregnancy increases the risk of neural tube defects in infants, research presented this week at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI ...

  07 March 2019 | Keith Alcorn

• Efavirenz in pregnancy is at least as safe as other antiretrovirals

  An individual patient data analysis of almost 25,000 pregnancies in women living with HIV has found that the rate of birth defects following exposure to efavirenz was not statistically different, and may even be lower than in infants ...

  17 January 2019 | Roger Pebody

• Hepatitis C increases the risk of premature delivery for pregnant women with HIV

  Co-infection with hepatitis C greatly increases the risk of pre-term delivery for pregnant women with HIV, Polish researchers reported this week at the International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection (HIV Glasgow 2018). Women with hepatitis C ...

  02 November 2018 | Keith Alcorn

• Neural tube defects and integrase inhibitors: studies show no further evidence of increased risk

  No further evidence of an increased risk of infant neural tube defects related to the use of dolutegravir or other integrase inhibitors in early pregnancy has emerged in safety reviews conducted over the past few months, researchers reported at ...

  30 October 2018 | Keith Alcorn

• Efavirenz, but not dolutegravir, linked to neurological problems in children

  Children born to HIV-positive women who take efavirenz (Sustiva or Stocrin, also a component of Atripla) during pregnancy are at greater risk of developing neurological disorders, some of which may not be diagnosed until years after birth, according to ...

  11 October 2018 | Liz Highleyman

• Developmental problems of children born to women with HIV linked to substance use and HIV, not antiretrovirals

  Pre-term births and developmental problems in children born to mothers with HIV are associated with HIV infection, substance use and smoking, Canadian researchers have reported in the journal AIDS. They could not find a significant relationship with antiretroviral ...

  11 September 2018 | Keith Alcorn

• Some antiretroviral regimens associated with pre-term birth and low birth weight

  Exposure to protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimens may each be linked to low birth weight and pre-term births in infants of mothers living with HIV in lower-income countries, but the choice of ...

  03 September 2018 | Keith Alcorn

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Child developmental issues news selected from other sources

• Teens with HIV have similar cognitive outcomes to HIV-negative peers

  Teens who were perinatally infected with HIV and received treatment have similar cognitive outcomes compared with their HIV-negative peers, according to research published in Clinical Infectious Diseases. However, researchers observed that HIV-positive adolescents had decreased executive functioning over time, suggestive of earlier brain damage.

  27 May 2019 | Healio

• A Promising Anti-HIV Drug Poses A Dilemma

  The anti-HIV drug dolutegravir is effective — but may carry a risk for pregnant women. While women in wealthy countries are given choices about their medical care, for women in poor countries the situation is different. There aren't enough doctors and nurses to explain the risks and benefits of the new drug to every patient. The country may not have the resources to keep supplies of two different drugs on the shelves. And there is no consistent access to effective birth control.

  23 April 2019 | NPR

• Avoiding Dolutegravir in Young Women With HIV: Time for a Rethink?

  Total deaths for women with HIV and their children are projected to be lower with dolutegravir-based (Tivicay) antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus efavirenz-based (Sustiva) ART, a model-based analysis found.

  05 April 2019 | MedPage Today

• South Africa urgently needs an antiretroviral pregnancy registry

  With the dolutegravir roll-out around the corner, the time is now ripe for patients and activists to demand a prospective pregnancy registry for the whole of South Africa. Whether it is a new endeavour or piggy-backs on international efforts is a matter for debate, but it is the only way we can answer the question of dolutegravir’s safety with the minimum number of women being exposed to the drug. It’s the least that patients deserve.

  29 January 2019 | Spotlight

• Top 10 HIV Clinical Developments of 2018

  It's the beginning of the end. Not in some apocalyptic way, but rather in how we think about the prevention and management of HIV.

  20 December 2018 | The Body Pro

• Babies born to mums with HIV face higher risks even though they’re HIV negative

  HIV-uninfected children born to mothers with HIV are prone to infections that are more severe, are at almost two times greater risk of dying before their first birthday, and are more likely to be born prematurely than children born to mothers without HIV.

  29 November 2018 | The Conversation

• Dolutegravir Use During Pregnancy: What Are the Risks?

  Infectious Disease Advisor spoke to Rebecca M. Zash, MD, a co-investigator of the interim analysis by the Tsepamo Study in Botswana, which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in July.

  22 October 2018 | Infectious Disease Advisor

• Efavirenz in HIV-positive pregnant women, risk of neurological condition in children

  Researchers found children of women whose ART regimen included efavirenz were 60 percent more likely to develop a neurological condition, such as microcephaly (small head), seizures (from a high fever or other cause) and eye abnormalities than children whose mothers took other ART medications.

  05 October 2018 | IDSA press release

• Why the world may force women to choose: No birth control, no ARVs

  A new drug could save 25 000 women living with HIV but could it come at the cost of their babies lives?

  22 August 2018 | Bhekisisa

• Dolutegravir preconception signal: time is up for shoddy surveillance

  The news in May 2018 of a potential risk of neural tube defects in infants born to women taking dolutegravir (DTG) at the time of conception sent shockwaves through the HIV community. But, despite massive global investment, aggressive transition plans – as well as calls for years for more systematic recording of outcomes when women receive ART in pregnancy– few prospective birth registrieshave been established in other settings that can refute or confirm this finding. Meanwhile, women of child-bearing age, whether they intend to become pregnant or not, are being told that they must stick with (or go back to) efavirenz (EFV) – a drug that, before this news, was in the process of being replaced with DTG.

  16 July 2018 | HIV i-Base

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