Opportunistic infections

Opportunistic infections features

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  Tales of the late diagnosed

  Gus Cairns talks to four people who were diagnosed with HIV only just in time to save their lives – and the daughter of one who wasn’t. ...

  From:  HIV treatment update

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  HIV and TB in Practice for nurses: cotrimoxazole prophylaxis

  Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis is the use of a common antiobiotic to prevent a range of infections that commonly affect people living with HIV. ...

  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  Management of swallowing problems (oesophageal disorders) in people with HIV

  This issues looks at how swallowing problems caused by conditions like oesophageal candidiasis can be managed in people living with HIV in resource-limited settings....

  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  The management of childhood pneumonia in settings with a high burden of HIV (part 2)

  This article reviews the optimisation of pneumonia care in children with HIV, task-shifting and integration of services in order to expand care, and palliative aspects...

  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  The management of childhood pneumonia in settings with a high burden of HIV (part 1)

  This article covers the causes and management of childhood pneumonia where HIV burden is high....

  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  Managing meningitis in people with HIV in resource-limited settings: a clinical review

  Review of the prevalence, causes, diagnosis and clinical management of meningitis in people with HIV in resource-limited settings, including palliative care aspects....

  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  HATIP #97, 12th December 2007

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  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  Diagnosis and treatment of CMV retinitis in resource-limited settings achievable and a must, says MSF

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  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

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  HATIP #35, 3rd October 2004

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  From:  HIV & AIDS treatment in practice

Opportunistic infections in your own words

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  An emotional rollercoaster

  If someone would have told me that I would be alive 18 years after my HIV diagnosis I would not have believed them. As I...

  From: In your own words

Opportunistic infections news from aidsmap

• Integrase inhibitors do not raise risk of IRIS in severely immunocompromised people

  Use of an integrase inhibitor, which can bring down viral load rapidly, was not associated with an increased risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in people who started antiretroviral treatment with very low CD4 cell counts, according to ...

  27 March 2018 | Liz Highleyman

• Improved treatment for cryptococcal meningitis in HIV could save thousands of lives – if generic drug becomes available

  Urgent action is needed to improve access to the antifungal drug flucytosine, say investigators, following the presentation of the results of a trial showing that treatment containing flucytosine is superior to any other form of treatment in reducing the ...

  24 July 2017 | Keith Alcorn

• WHO recommends package of tests, treatment and prevention for 'urgent need' people with HIV with low CD4 counts

  A new package of measures to ensure rapid initiation of antiretroviral treatment and diagnosis of opportunistic infections has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce the still high rates of death in people diagnosed with HIV ...

  23 July 2017 | Keith Alcorn

• People with HIV have impaired respiratory health, even when viral load is undetectable

  HIV-positive people have impaired respiratory health, even when they have viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART), investigators from London report in HIV Medicine. Respiratory health was compared between HIV-positive and HIV-negative outpatients. Individuals with HIV had poorer respiratory health and were ...

  23 May 2017 | Michael Carter

• Integrase inhibitors may increase risk of IRIS in late presenters for HIV treatment

  HIV integrase inhibitors such as dolutegravir and raltegravir may increase the risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), studies from the Netherlands and France presented last month at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI ...

  01 March 2017 | Keith Alcorn

• A detectable CMV viral load could signal a high risk of mortality in older individuals hospitalised with HIV-associated TB

  A study conducted in a cohort of hospitalised adults with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) co-infection from Khayelitsha found that having a detectable cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load was associated with higher mortality within the first 12 weeks on TB treatment, according ...

  09 August 2016 | Theo Smart

• Package of prophylaxis against infections reduces the risk of death for people starting HIV treatment very late

  A package of enhanced prophylaxis against infections significantly reduced the risk of death in adults and children with advanced HIV disease after starting antiretroviral treatment in a randomised study, Professor James Hakim of the University of Zimbabwe told the ...

  08 August 2016 | Keith Alcorn

• ART has averted over 850,000 HIV-related opportunistic infections in low and middle income countries

  Rollout of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low and middle income countries has averted over 850,000 cases of HIV-related opportunistic infections at a saving of at least $47 million per year, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis published in Clinical ...

  21 March 2016 | Michael Carter

• HIV-related wasting can have long-term consequences

  HIV-associated wasting can have a long-term impact on physical function and quality of life, according to research from the United States published in the online edition of AIDS. The research was conducted by investigators from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. ...

  30 November 2015 | Michael Carter

• High standards of care associated with reduced mortality risk of patients with HIV

  Quality of care (QOC) in the first twelve months after entering HIV care is associated with longer-term mortality risk, investigators from the US Department of Veterans Affairs report in the online edition of Clinical Infectious Diseases. Patients who received at ...

  28 September 2015 | Michael Carter

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Opportunistic infections news selected from other sources

• Gilead fails to keep promise on access to lifesaving drug for people living with HIV

  Pharmaceutical corporation Gilead promised to expand access at an affordable price to a drug for people with an HIV-related infection, cryptococcal meningitis. One year on, the drug is registered in only six developing countries and remains prohibitively expensive.

  01 July 2019 | Médecins Sans Frontières

• A considerable percentage of deaths in HIV patients are due to cryptococcal infections

  Cryptococcal meningitis causes about one in ten HIV-related deaths, according to a study of autopsies performed in Mozambique and Brazil.

  22 May 2019 | Eurekalert Inf Dis

• A Mysterious Infection, Spanning the Globe in a Climate of Secrecy

  The rise of Candida auris embodies a serious and growing public health threat: drug-resistant germs. Over the last five years, it has hit a neonatal unit in Venezuela, swept through a hospital in Spain, forced a prestigious British medical center to shut down its intensive care unit, and taken root in India, Pakistan and South Africa.

  08 April 2019 | New York Times

• Study: AIDS-immunocompromised populations see more antibiotic-resistant infections

  Populations with a high prevalence of AIDS-immunocompromised people are more likely to see the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, according to a study coauthored by researchers at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and published in PLOS One.

  27 March 2019 | Eurekalert Inf Dis

• Back to the future with CD4 testing: Improving HIV care in low- and middle-income countries

  A practical resource-based public health approach for the rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals living in low- and middle-income countries could save thousands of lives, according to an Essay published January 15 in the open-access journal PLOS Medicine by Mark Tenforde of the University of Washington School of Medicine, and colleagues.

  16 January 2019 | Science Daily

• HIV-Positive Patients at Higher Risk of Late Mortality Following Cryptococcal Infection

  New research being presented in a Poster Abstract Session at ID Week 2018, suggests that patients living with HIV have high mortality following cryptococcal infection which persists beyond initial hospitalization. As such, the investigators stress the need to identify patients who are at increased risk of mortality in order to improve patient outcomes.

  04 October 2018 | Contagionlive.com

• Uganda: No More Septrin for Aids Patients - Government

  People living with HIV/Aids in Uganda (PLWHA) will stop taking Septrin as a complementary drug that fights opportunistic infections such as malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia, according to the new Health ministry guidelines.

  04 September 2018 | AllAfrica

• Price cut on medicine will help preserve the health of more people living with HIV

  Unitaid and Indian drug manufacturer Cipla Ltd. struck a landmark agreement today that will lower the price of the first combination therapy (containing co-trimoxazole, isoniazid and vitamin B6) that prevents opportunistic infections in people living with HIV.

  11 June 2018 | UNITAID

• Raltegravir-Intensified ART: More Rapid Declines in HIV Viral Load But No Impact On IRIS

  At the 25th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) Diana Gibb, MD, professor of epidemiology, program leader of the Pediatric Program of trials and cohorts at the Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, shared results from a REALITY trial (ISRCTN43622374) which explored the impact of raltegravir intensification of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) on immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

  13 March 2018 | Contagion Live

• Deadly cryptococcal fungi found in public spaces in South Africa

  After tuberculosis, cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of death in HIV/AIDS patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

  08 December 2017 | Science Daily

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