Glossary

A white blood cell that roams the body tissues engulfing foreign organisms.

Technique similar to CAT scanning.

Micro-organisms related to TB which can cause disease in people with advanced HIV.

Taking drugs for a period of time after an infection has been treated, to stabilise the condition or prevent a re-occurrence or deterioration.

Failure of the gut to absorb food, resulting in weight loss, diarrhoea and decreased effectiveness of drugs taken orally.

A general feeling of illness.

Tumours which may grow rapidly, infiltrate surrounding tissues and spread around the body.

Latin term meaning day.

A range of complex mathematical techniques which aim to simulate a sequence of likely future events, in order to estimate the impact of a health intervention or the spread of an infection.

A measure of the ‘average’ value (the sum of the observed values divided by their number).

The central value in a data set, with an equal number of values on either side.

Inflammation of the outer lining of the brain.

When the statistical data from all studies which relate to a particular research question and which conform to a pre-determined selection criteria are pooled and analysed together. See also ‘systematic review’.

The mechanisms which sustain life, turning sugar and fat into energy.

Any chemical resulting from the process of metabolism.

Infection with the gut parasite Microsporidia.

Cellular compartment involved in energy production.

Mitochondria are structures in human cells responsible for energy production. When damaged by anti- HIV drugs, this can cause a wide range of side-effects, including possibly fat loss.

See ‘mathematical models’.

A white blood cell that roams the body tissues engulfing foreign organisms.

Taking a drug on its own, as opposed to in combination with other drugs.

Illness.

Death.

Statistical techniques often used to reduce the impact of confounding factors, in order to attempt to identify the real association between a factor of interest and an outcome. See also ‘confounding’.

An extension of multivariable analysis that is used to model two or more outcomes at the same time.

A single change in gene sequence.

Muscle pain.

Family of bacteria that includes the causes of tuberculosis and MAI.

Any fungal disease.

Damaging to the bone marrow.

Muscle wastage or disease.